An Empirically-validated Method for Characterizing Pelagic Habitats in the Gulf of Mexico Using Ocean Model Data
An Empirically-validated Method for Characterizing Pelagic Habitats in the Gulf of Mexico Using Ocean Model Data
Abstract:
Mesoscale oceanic features such as eddies generate considerable environmental heterogeneity within the pelagic oceans, but their transient nature makes it difficult to identify both their spatial and temporal extent and their effects on the distribution of pelagic fauna. Simplifying these complex features using a biologically-meaningful classification system will likely be a useful first step in understanding the extent of their influence in structuring open-ocean ecosystems. In this study, we present a tool to classify the pelagic environment in the Gulf of Mexico using sea surface height and temperature-at-depth data from the 1/25° GOM HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Three “water types” were identified: Loop Current-origin water (LCOW), Gulf Common Water (CW) and MIX water, where the latter represents an intermediate state during the degradation of LCOW to CW. The HYCOM-derived classifications were validated against in situ CTD data collected through 2015 – 2016 by the Deep Pelagic Nekton Dynamics of the Gulf of Mexico consortium. The validation data comprised classifications derived from both temperature-depth (TD) and temperature-salinity (TS) profiles and from microbial community analyses from the surface to mesopelagic depths. The HYCOM classifications produced an overall agreement rate of 77% with the TS/TD classifications, and 79% with the microbial classifications. With applicability across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, we believe that the system provides a useful, complementary tool for biological oceanographers and resource managers interested in better understanding the effects of major mesoscale features on the pelagic biota of the Gulf of Mexico.
